How to Cultivate Spinach

Spinach is very popular, nutritious and palatable leafy vegetable. This vegetable is vitamin rich. This vegetable is cultivated in winter in Bangladesh.

Varieties of Spinach: Pusha joyonti, kapy palong, green, sabuj bangle sour palong. Besides, there are some other varieties of spinach, such as nobel jaint, banerjee jaint, pushpa jati etc.

Soil: Loamy fertile soil is very suitable. Besides, spinach can also be cultivated in clayey and sandy- loam soil.

Land Preparation: Land should be made well pulverized by ploughing and laddering.

Amount of Fertilizer:
Name of fertilizer
Per decimal
Cow dung
40 kg
Urea
1 kg
TSP
500 gm
MP
500 gm
Rules for fertilizer application:
  1.  All fertilizers except urea should be applied during final ploughing. But it is better to applied cow dung at earlier ploughing.
  2. Urea fertilizer should be applied in 2- 3 installments starting from 8- 10 days after seedling emergence by 10- 12 days� intervals. �Aal� selection and Land preparation: Spinach can be cultivated preparing �aal� in the land. Spinach can be sown some extent early in the high �aal�. Weeds should be removed from the �aal� by spading.
Fertilizer Application: Recommended amount of cow dung, urea, TSP and MP fertilize should be applied in the spinach land.

Seed Rate:
Per �Aal�
Per decimal
Per acre
Per hectare
35- 40gm
117 gm
9- 11 kg
25- 30 kg
Time of Seed Sowing: September � January.

Spacing of Seed Sowing: Seeds are sown maintaining distance 10 cm. seeds can also be sown by broadcast method.

Time of Germination: About 7- 8 days required for germination after seed sowing.
Seed Sowing or Seedling Transplanting: Seeds can be sown directly in the �aal� or in the pit. Besides, spinach can be cultivated by raising seedlings in the seed bed and transplanting these seedlings in the main field. Before sowing, seeds should be dipped in water for 24 hours. Making pits maintaining certain distance, 2- 3 seeds should be sown in each pit.

Cultural operations

Weed Control: Weeds should be up rooted just after appearing weeds.
Fertilizer Top Dressing: Recommended fertilizer should be top dressed timely.

Irrigation: This leafy vegetable requires abundant water. For that reason, based on the �Jo� condition of soil, irrigation water should be applied before top dressing. A light irrigation is required after seedling transplanting.

Gap- Filling: Within 7- 10 days, seedling should be replanted where there is no seed germinated or seedling died after emergence.

Soil Loosening: After every irrigation the soil should be made loose by crust breaking to facilitate moisture holding and aeration. This operation requires for rapid growth of the plants.

Thinning: After 8- 10 days of seed germination, excess seedlings should be thinned out keeping 2 numbers of seedlings per hill and these seedlings should be used in gap- filling.

Harmful Insects: Sometimes ants, mole cricket, termite and leaf borer may infest spinach. If infestation is found, infested plants should be up rooted.

Disease Management: Among the principal diseases of spinach, there are- 1) foot rot disease 2) leaf spot disease 3) leaf blights disease.

Crop Harvesting: Spinach can be harvested from one month after seed sowing and can be continued till flowering.

Yield:
Per �Aal�
Per decimal
Per acre
Per hectare
8-10
28-37 gm
2800-3800 kg
7-9 Ton

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